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Renowned as a huge natural zoo, Xishuangbanna's rain forest and monsoon jungles provide a habitat for nearly 1000 species of animals. Within thick and boundless forests wild elephants and wild oxen ramble about, with peacocks in their pride, gibbons at play, and hornbills whispering.

Thirteen species of wild life enjoy state protection, including loris, the gibbons, the red-necked cranes, the brown-neck horn-bills, and the green peacocks, which to the Dai people are a symbol of peace, happiness and good fortune and whose graceful postures can put professional dancers to shame. The region has 5,000 kinds of plants or about one-sixth of the total in China. This has earned it the renown and sobriquet " The moonstone on the Crown of the Kingdom of Plants ".

Among these are such fascinating ones as the " color-changing flower " whose colors change three times daily and the "dancing herb " whose leaves rotate gently. Then there is " mysterious fruit " which reverse tastes, turning sour to sweet.

Species of trees that go back a million years are still propagating themselves. The " King of Tea Trees ," which authorities say is at least 800 years old, continues to sprout, adding extraordinary splendor to the homeland of the famous Pu'er tea. In Xishuangbanna, there is a saying: "Even a single tree can make a forest and an old stalk can blossom and beat fruit ."

大约170万年前，原始人群时期的人类就生活在中国大地上。
About 170 ten thousand yearses ago, original mankind of period crowd the life is on the Chinese earth.

云南元谋人是我国历史上迄今为止所发现的最早的猿人。
The dollar of Yunnan strive for person is the our country history ascend up to the present discover of the earliest ape person.

到新石器时代，居住在滇池、洱海附近的人们，已能使用石斧之类简单的生产工具，从事原始的农业生产，有些地方的人还会建造简易木结构房，并逐渐形成较大的村落。
Go to the new stone age, live in the pond of , Eel Lake nearby people, have already can use a simple implements of production of the stone ax, be engaged in the agriculture production of the originality, some persons of place will still construct the simple wood structure building, and become the bigger small village gradually. T

公元前三世纪，庄跤通过黔中郡向西南进攻，“以其众王滇，变服从其俗以长之”，建立了滇国。
hird centry B.C., the Chuang faces west the south aggression through a county in ," with its many WANG2 DIAN, change to obey it vulgar with long of", built up the country of .The Chua

庄跤等将较先进的文化和生产技术，带进了云南，促进了云南的发展，标志着云南从政治上与内地联系的开始。
ng the culture and production that etc. will compare the forerunner technique, brought in Yunnan, promoted Yunnan develop, symbolize Yunnan to join the government to cure up with the beginning that hinterland contact. 221 B.C.,

公元前221年，秦始皇统一中国，在云南设置郡县，开“五尺道”，从四川宜宾至云南曲靖附近，因路宽仅五尺，故称“五尺道”。
the Qin Shi huang unifies China, establishing the county County in Yunnan, open" five Chinese foots of ways"s, from Szechwan proper guest to the song in Yunnan neighborhood, because of the road breadth only five Chinese foots, so call" five Chinese foots of ways"s.Five Chinese

五尺道的开辟沟通了首都咸阳经四川与云南东部的联系，并委派官吏入滇治理，使其成为秦帝国的组成部份。
foots of ways developped to communicate the salty sun of capital city through Szechwan with the eastern region in Yunnan of contact, and appoint the officialdom to go into the to manage, make it become Qin's constitute of empire part. The west dol

西汉元封二年（公元前109年），汉武帝派将军郭昌率巴蜀之兵临滇，设益州郡，下属24县，郡府设在滇池县（今晋宁县），云南为其中一个县，县城设在今祥云县的，“云南驿”。
lar seals two years(109 B.C.), the soldier of the parties general rate faces the , establishing the benefit state county,24 counties of inferiority, the county mansion establishes in pond County of ( now Jin rather county), Yunnan is an among those County, the county city establish the auspicious clouds county now of," the in Yunnan".King of 汉 toward adjusted the county Co

汉王朝调整了郡县，改变部落相立，不相统属的状况，带进了一些封建生产关系。
unty, change the tribe to sign mutually, not mutually the condition that 统 belong to, brought in some feudalisms to produce the relation.This expects the usage of the bronze too

这一时期青铜工具的使用，牛耕的出现进一步提高了农业耕作水平。
l at that time, the emergence of the cow further raised the agriculture farming level.The superb technique of created the brill

高超的冶炼技术创造了灿烂的青铜文化，各种青铜器物品的出土，显示了民间艺术家们的精湛技艺。
iant bronze culture, various bronze vessels product sprout, showing consummate technical skill of civil artists.The cow, horse, sheep and goats and domestic a

大群被放牧的牛、马、绵羊和山羊与家畜猪、犬一道，标志了滇国发达的畜牧业。
nimal pig, dogs that big cluster was put to pastures are a, symbolizing the flourishing livestock husbandry of country of 滇 .The still sends Tang to receive" five Chinese

汉武帝还派唐蒙扩建“五尺道”，改名“西南夷道”。
foots of ways"s of extension, changing name" southwest way of 夷 ".King of 汉 toward still organize the manpower to ope

汉王朝还组织人力开凿博南古道，日趋频繁的商贾往来，促进了西南与东南亚各国，尤其是与缅甸、印度的国际贸易与文化交流。
n to dig the south ancient way of , gradually multifarious company the 贾 come-and-go, promote southwest and all countries of Southeast Asia, particularly is with Burma, the international trade and the cultural interaction of India.This is the last 汉武 of history to open the 滇 . The

这就是历史上著名的汉武开滇。
various 葛 is bright to cure the south:The Three

诸葛亮治南：
Kingdoms is period, Yunnan and west of 黔s o

三国时期，现在的云南及黔西，川西南的部份地区统称为“南中”。
f now, the parts of region of the southwest of the 川 knows together as" south in".225 A.D., the prime minister of 蜀汉 various 葛 brig

公元225年，蜀汉丞相诸葛亮统三路大军亲征云南，他采取“不以力制，而取其心服”的政策，当进入滇西地区洱海（大理一带）时，迅速平定了云南奴隶主贵族发动的叛乱，降服了当地大姓孟获，对孟获“七擒七纵”，使盂获心悦诚服地投降，井发誓永不造反。
ht 统 three road battalions lead the army personally Yunnan, he adopts the policy of" not with dint system, but take it admire sincerely", being into the 滇 west region Eel Lake( manage greatly on take), quelled the insurrection that main nobility of slave of Yunnan launch quickly, surrender big surname 孟 in the region to get, get" seven capture seven 纵s" to the 孟 , make 盂 get surrender submit gladly, the well swears to rebel never.So the various 葛 is bright to very quickly quell in t

因此诸葛亮很快平定南中，云南成为蜀汉的一部分。
he south, Yunnan becomes the 蜀汉 of a part. 317 years take charge of MA3 RUI4 CHENG帝 , setting u

公元317年司马睿称帝，建东晋，东晋初年，由内地迁至云南的爨（音窜cuan）势力逐渐强大，爨琛自主为王，统治滇池地区，爨氏历统治400多年，把滇池地区称作昆川（或昆卅），并与随、唐王朝保持经济文化联系。
p the east Jin, the east Jin early year, from the 爨 ( the sound flee cuan) influence that the hinterland moves to Yunnan gradually strong, the 爨琛 independence is a king, ruling the 滇 pond region, the 爨 surname 历 rules more than 400 years, calling the 昆川 ( or 昆 thirty) to the 滇 pond region, and with with, Tang's king toward keep the economic cultural contact. The 贞 view of 738 A.D. is period, Tang's king toward

公元738年贞观时期，唐王朝扶持蒙舍诏统一“六诏”，建立以洱海为基地的“南诏国”，诏主皮罗阁被封为“云南王”，南诏历传13王，统治200余年。
support to receive to give up the 诏 to unify" six 诏s"s, establishment with Eel Lake is" south country of 诏 " of the base, main skin of 诏 Luo the 阁 is seal for" king of Yunnan", the south 诏历 spreads 13 kings, ruling more than 200 years.A 937 years, the segment think even put out the south

元937年，段思平灭南诏建大理国，公元1117年，宋朝封大理首领为“云南节度使”，政治中心在洱海区域，以大理为都城，相传22世，共统治316年。
诏 to set up the big reason country,1117, the Sung Dynasty seals the big reason leader as" the stanza degree of Yunnan make", political center at Eel Lake district, take big reason as all city, it is rumored 22 a life times, rule 316 years totally.At the big reason the country rules the suddenly and n

在大理国统治期间公元1253年忽必烈率军征云南，破大理国，1267年封第五子忽哥赤为云南王， 1271年其子被害身亡。
ecessarily strong rate soldier of 1253 of period to advertise for Yunnan, breaking the big reason country, sealing in 1267 the fifth son suddenly the elder brother was red is a king of Yunnan, its son killed to die in 1271.The 1274 A.D. is suddenly and necessarily strong to se

公元1274年忽必烈派赛典赤·赡思丁到云南。
nd the red · 赡 of the match 典 to think the D to Yunnan.In 1276, Yuan Dynasty has already set up Yunnan to go

公元1276年，元朝已正式建云南行中书省为全国11个行省之一，从此“云南”正式作为省级行政区的名称。
the medium book province as one of 11 provinces of whole country formally, from now on" Yunnan" was the name of the province class administrative area formally.The political center is moved to Kunming by the big re

政治中心由大理迁至昆明。
ason.The match 典 draws up the farm tax and excise tax on t

赛典赤到云南后，在经济上制定赋税，发展生产，兴修水利；
he economy after is red go to Yunnan, the development produce, the 兴 fixs the water conservancy;On the politics, on correct the mistakes to the way of

在政治上，一改过去残酷屠杀的做法，代之以善民族关系，兴办教育、安定政治形势的政策。
doing of the ruthlessness massacre, generation with well the race relate to, establishing the education and stabilizing the policy of the political situation.Outstanding such as 500 miles 滇 pond, often become d

突出的如五百里滇池，原常泛滥成灾，赛典赤征召民工，凿开海口，疏通螳螂川，使滇池水由海口经螳螂川流入金沙江通过长江汇人大海，海口使滇池水位保持平衡，既不会干枯，又免除水患，使滇池周围皆为良田。
isaster at first, the match 典 red draft people's work, dig to open the seaport, dredge the praying mantis 川 , make the 滇 pond water was flow into by the praying mantis 川 the gold sand from the seaport the river remits person's ocean through Yangtze River, the seaport makes the 滇 pond water level hold the balance, since not withered, dismiss the floods again, make the 滇 pond surroundings is the good farm all.The administration of a Yunnan of the match 典 superio

赛典赤任云南行政长官六年，社会安定、生产发展。
r's six years, the society stabilizes and produces the development.Be die of illness in Kunming in 1280 A.D., clay-cold"

于公元1280年病故于昆明，死后“百姓巷哭”、“号泣震野”。
common people's lane cry"," the number 泣 earthquake is wild".Now many primary schools of five miles of Kunming City

今昆明市五里多小学内有赛典赤墓，历代常有人悼念。
inside have the match 典 the red last home, the in the past is often someone to grieve over.1290 beginning of years of A.D. seal the sweet 麻 of e

公元1290年首封皇长孙甘麻刺为云南梁王，是全省最高统治者，他的避暑行宫就在西山三清阁。
ldest grandson of 皇 to stab for the beam king of Yunnan, is a tallest ruler of whole province, he goes to summer resort to go the temple in three pure 阁s of the west mountain. , The city of 鄯阐 ( now Kunming) became the most thr

，鄯阐城（今昆明）逐渐成了滇中最繁盛的一座城池。
iving city defense in 滇 gradually.The in the interval left the story of" the peacock 胆

其间留下了著名的“孔雀胆”的故事。
" of the of 著 . 14 years of Ming Dynasty 洪武 (1381), ZHU YUAN2 ZHANG

明朝洪武14年（公元1381年），朱元漳派傅友德、沐英平定云南，攻克昆明，灭元朝梁王，在云南建立明朝政权，统治278年。
the parties 傅 friend is virtuous, the English of 沐 quells Yunnan, overrunning Kunming, putting out the beam king of Yuan Dynasty, building up Ming Dynasty political power in Yunnan, ruling 278 years. Clear end, with Lee settles the country for the repre

明末，以李定国为代表的大西军，曾拥护流亡皇帝永历帝以昆明为根据地为抗击清军。
sentative's big west soldier, once support the exiled emperor the 历帝 always take Kunming as the base as pure soldier of the anti- shot.Pure cure WU2 SAN GUI4 of 16 years(1659) to take the o

清顺治16年（公元1659年）吴三桂进攻云南，永历帝及其随员逃至缅甸，公元1662年，永历帝朱由榔及其子被吴三桂从缅甸逮回，绞死在昆明金蝉寺，（今华山西路“逼死坡”），明朝最后一代王朝覆灭。
ffensive Yunnan fluently, the 历帝 and its suit always escapes to the Burma,1662 A.D., always of 历帝 from 榔 and its son drive WU2 SAN GUI4 from arrest back Burma, put to death by hanging the gold cicada temple in Kunming,( now the west road of Hua Mountain" persecute to death the 坡 "), the Ming Dynasty end generation the king puts out toward the 覆 .Of year of 康熙 of Manchu Dynasty, WU2 SAN GUI4's abru

清朝康熙年间，吴三桂的分裂判乱被粉碎。
ption judge the confusion to is smash.( Namely historical" three 藩s"s insurrection) expect

（即历史上的“三藩”叛乱）清代后期，杜文秀，李文学等先后起义，震撼全省。
after Manchu dynasty, the 杜 text show, Lee literature etc. starts revolution successively, shocking the whole province.Opium War later, Yunnan is invade by imperialistic thr

鸦片战争以后，云南受到帝国主义的威胁与侵略，各族人民奋起反抗。
eat, each clansmen the people rises to resist courageously. The rate of Cai 愕 of October 30 in 1911( namely the

1911年10月30日（即农历九月初九日）蔡愕率众举行“重九”起义， 11月1日，起义官兵在五华山组织了“大中华国云南军都督府，”推蔡锷为都督，李根源参议院院长兼军政部总长，建立民国政府，推翻了清朝在云南250多年的统治，1915年12月25日，蔡锷、唐继尧等领导发动了护国运动，点燃了全国讨袁护国的革命之火。
beginning of September of lunar calendar ninth) is many to hold" heavy nine" to start revolution, November 1, start revolution the government troops organized" the soldiers of the big China country Yunnan all mansion of 督 ," to push Cai 锷 in five Hua Mountains is all the 督 , Lee the source Senate the director and the military administration department is total and long, the establishment republic government, overthrow the governance, December 25 in 1915 of settle more than 250 years of dynasty at Yunnan, Cai 锷 , Tang after 尧 etc. the leadership launches to protect the national fortune to move, sparking the whole country to beg for the fire of the revolution that the 袁 protects the country.In 1926, Yunnan built up Communist Party of China orga

1926年，云南建立了中国共产党组织。
nization.On December 1 in 1945, in order to oppose the Kuominta

1945年12月1日，为反对国民党反动派统治，昆明举行了“一二·一”学生运动，遭当局残酷镇压，4人遇害，制造了震惊全国的“一二·一”惨案。
ng reactionaries to rule, Kunming held"12 ·s a" student sport, encounter the ruthlessness suppression of authorities,4 people be massacred, make"12 ·s a" murder case of the shock whole country.On December 9 in 1949, the provincial governor 卢汉 ra

1949年12月9日，国民党云南省主席卢汉率兵起义，云南和平解放，建立了云南省人民政府。

te soldier of the Kuomintang Yunnan start revolution, peaceful liberation in Yunnan, built up province people's government of Yunnan.