杭州最豪华的水疗会所:求初一二英语所有句式

初中英语主要句式

( 一 ) 知识概要
?初中所学的句型一般要分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。?陈述句中有肯定句与否定句之分。其中可以分为以下五种：

① 主语+ 不及物动词。如：I arrived at six last night.

② 主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语，如：I bought a good English ?Chinese Dictionary yesterday.

③ 主语+ 及物动词+ 间接宾语+ 直接宾语，如：Please tell me a story before I go to bed. 这样可加双宾语的句子有buy,tell , give, ask, pass, teach.

④ 主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语，如：I found it impossible to do it. Please keep the classroom clean and tidy.

⑤ 主语+ 系动词+ 表语，如：Tom is an American boy. The grass turned green in spring. 在初中常见的句型中有There be …句型，表示存在某种事物，如：There is a map on the wall ?其be 动词的形式要与其后面相近的那个名词相一致。要注意的是这种句型加入助动词后，也要保持be 动词，不要换用have, 如：There is going to be a meeting tomorrow. ?在句子结构中要注意主谓一致的问题，即句子的主语与谓语动词要相呼应。要注意的有如下几点：

① 用and 连接两个主语时一般应视为复数，但如一人身兼两职时则要用单数谓语动词形式，如：A singer and dancer is coming to our party. a singer and dancer 既歌唱又可舞的演员。而 a singer and a dancer 则要译为：一位歌唱家和一位舞蹈家。②有些以 s 结尾的名词谓语动词要用单数，如： The news is good (news 为不可数名词) 。

③ 有量词时应按量词的数量计算；如： This pair of glasses is good ? My glasses are broken.

④有些形单却意为复数的名词，如：People are coming here ? 这样的词还有 Police ， 如果要讲一个警察时，应讲 a policeman 。 两个警察为 two policemen 。 又如 a policewoman, two policewomen ?

⑤所有不定代词 each ， either ， neither ，one ， the other ， nobody ， nothing ， anyone ，anything ， someone ， something … 要作为单数如： Someone is waiting for you ??在并列句中表示联合关系的连词有： and not only … but also ，neither … nor ，either … or ? 如: My sister and my parents are going to the cinema 。 表示转折关系的并列连词有： but 和 yet ， 如： She is a good student, but she didn't pass the final exam. 又如： I think the news is strange, yet it is true ? 表示选择关系的连词有：or ， either … or ，如：Hurry up, or you will be late for school ? 表示因果关系的并列连词有：for ， so 如： They studied very hard ， so they all passed the exam ?

宾语从句

①在及物动词的后面可以接一个名词来充当宾语，如： I knew the man, 而这时也可以用一个句子来充当宾语，如： I knew that he was a good man ? 这时宾语从句的连接词有 that, (that 只在从句中起联接作用，不在句中充当语法成分，既不是主语也不是宾语，所以在口语中常常被省略。如： I am sure (that) she has passed the exam ?

②if, whether 它们在宾语从句中只起连接作用，不起语法作用，当作是否讲。从句中有 or not 结构时，要用 whether, 如： I ask him if (whether) he has had his lunch ? I asks him whether he has had his lunch or not ?

③what 它在宾语从句中除了作连接词外，还要作主 语或宾语成份，如： I don't understand what you said ? (what 作 said 的宾语) 。又如： I asked him what made him sick (what 在宾语从句中作主 语) 。

④who ，它也和what 一样，在句中除作连接词外，可以充当句中的成份，如：I know who she is looking for?

⑤whose 如： I want to know whose book this is?

⑥which 如： Do you know which book is mine?? 在连接词中还有4 个常用的连接副词，①how 它的应用最广，如： how much, how many, how long, how soon, how old …。如： How much does it cost? ②when 它只是连接时间状语，如： Please tell me when the meeting will begin? ③where 它连接地点状语，如： Where are you from? ④why 它要连接的是原因状语从句，如： The teacher asked why Tom didn't come to school.

在考试中常见到的考点是： ?宾语从句的时态与主句时态的呼应问题。

①主句谓语动词如果是现在时或将来时，宾语从句的时态可以是任何所需要的时态， 如： I know he didn't come. 我知道他没来。 I know he will come tomorrow ? 我知道他明天来。I know he has gone to London ? 我知道他已去伦敦了。

②主句中的谓语动词若是过去时，宾语从句也要用过去时态中的某一种。比如： 一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时。除了在表达宇宙中的客观真理时，不能用现在时态。如： I wanted to know when he would come ? The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun ??

时间状语从句

其连接词有：after ， before ， when ， as ， as soon as ， until (till) ， while ， since ， by ?其中较难掌握的有以下几点：

①until (till) 直到，在用 until 表达时间状语的句子中，主句中的动词是要十分小心去选择。如动词是持续性动词，它要用肯定句，如： I studied hard until 12 o'clock last night. 如果动词是瞬间截止性动词，则要用否定句，如： He didn't go to bed until his mother came back ?

②由?since ，for ， by ， before 来引导的时间状语从句。 since 引导的时间状语是动作的开始时间，如： I have studied English since 1990. 而由 by 引导的时间状语通常是动作的结束时间，如： I had learned 25 English songs by the end of last term ? 而before 则多用于完成时， ago 则多用于一般过去时，如： He had finished his work before twelve yesterday ? I left my hometown two years ago ?

③在状语从句中用一般现在时或一般过去时表示将来。它们可能是主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，如： If it rains, they won't go to the park on Sunday ? 也可以主句是一般过去时，从句用一般过去进行时，如： He said if it rained the next day he would not go to the park ?

考试中常见的考点有： 要学生区别是条件、时间状语从句还是宾语从句，因在宾语从句中该用什么时态用什么时态，如： I want to know if he will come here tomorrow ? 在宾语从句中的条件状语从句与主句的关系，如： I want to know if it rains he will come here tomorrow ?

?

原因状语

①because ， 应译为" 因为" 。它表达的因果关系最强，如： He didn't pass the exam because he didn't study hard ?

②since 应译为" 既然" ，如：Since you were ill yesterday ? I left some notes on your desk ?

③as 应译为" 由于" ，如： As it is too hot we'd better go swimming ? since 与 as 所表达的因果关系远比 because 弱得多。而 for 表达的因果关系最弱。它不能用于句首，如： He studies hard, for he wants to go to college ?

比较状语从句

同级比较 as … as ， 如： This book is as good as that one ? 要注意的有两点：

①as … as 中间要用原级而不是比较级。

②用形容词还是副词，如：Mary writes as carefully as Tom ? 而其否定句为 not as (so) … as ， 如： They didn't work so hard as we did, 而不同级比较用比较级加 than, 如： He is younger than I am ?

要注意的是表示" 越来越" 这一概念时有两个句型：

①比较级＋and ＋比较级，如： The days are getting longer and longer ? The little girl is becoming more and more beautiful ?

②定冠词 the ＋ 比较级＋ the ＋ 比较级，如： The harder you study, the more you can learn ??方式状语中要注意的是as ( 连词) 与 like ( 介词) 的区别。 as 作为连词其后接从句，如： Please do it as I did it ? 但后面的句子常作省略，如： Please do it as I ? 而like 是介词，其后要接的是宾语，如： Please do it like me ?

结果和目的状语从句

主要有 so … that ， so that ， in order that 等几种用法。

①so … that ?用在单数可数名词前，so ＋ 形容词 ＋ a ＋ 名词 ＋ that ，如：She is so beautiful a girl that everyone likes her ? 或用such ＋ a ＋ 形容词 ＋ 名词 ＋ that, 如： She is such a beautiful girl that everyone likes her ?

②在不可数名词或可数名词复数前只能用 such ， 如： It is such good weather we want to go for a picnic ? 又如： They are such good players that they should win the game.

③在much ， many ， few ， little 之前只能用so ， 如： I have so little money that I can't buy it ?

④so … that 之间只有形容词时，则不能用 such ， 如： It is so good that I want to buy ?

⑤so that 其后接从句，如： I got up earlier so that I could catch the first bus

① 主语+ 不及物动词。如：I arrived at six last night.

② 主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语，如：I bought a good English ?Chinese Dictionary yesterday.

③ 主语+ 及物动词+ 间接宾语+ 直接宾语，如：Please tell me a story before I go to bed. 这样可加双宾语的句子有buy,tell , give, ask, pass, teach.

④ 主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语，如：I found it impossible to do it. Please keep the classroom clean and tidy.

⑤ 主语+ 系动词+ 表语，如：Tom is an American boy. The grass turned green in spring. 在初中常见的句型中有There be …句型，表示存在某种事物，如：There is a map on the wall ?其be 动词的形式要与其后面相近的那个名词相一致。要注意的是这种句型加入助动词后，也要保持be 动词，不要换用have, 如：There is going to be a meeting tomorrow. ?在句子结构中要注意主谓一致的问题，即句子的主语与谓语动词要相呼应。要注意的有如下几点：

① 用and 连接两个主语时一般应视为复数，但如一人身兼两职时则要用单数谓语动词形式，如：A singer and dancer is coming to our party. a singer and dancer 既歌唱又可舞的演员。而 a singer and a dancer 则要译为：一位歌唱家和一位舞蹈家。②有些以 s 结尾的名词谓语动词要用单数，如： The news is good (news 为不可数名词) 。

③ 有量词时应按量词的数量计算；如： This pair of glasses is good ? My glasses are broken.

④有些形单却意为复数的名词，如：People are coming here ? 这样的词还有 Police ， 如果要讲一个警察时，应讲 a policeman 。 两个警察为 two policemen 。 又如 a policewoman, two policewomen ?

⑤所有不定代词 each ， either ， neither ，one ， the other ， nobody ， nothing ， anyone ，anything ， someone ， something … 要作为单数如： Someone is waiting for you ??在并列句中表示联合关系的连词有： and not only … but also ，neither … nor ，either … or ? 如: My sister and my parents are going to the cinema 。 表示转折关系的并列连词有： but 和 yet ， 如： She is a good student, but she didn't pass the final exam. 又如： I think the news is strange, yet it is true ? 表示选择关系的连词有：or ， either … or ，如：Hurry up, or you will be late for school ? 表示因果关系的并列连词有：for ， so 如： They studied very hard ， so they all passed the exam ?

宾语从句

①在及物动词的后面可以接一个名词来充当宾语，如： I knew the man, 而这时也可以用一个句子来充当宾语，如： I knew that he was a good man ? 这时宾语从句的连接词有 that, (that 只在从句中起联接作用，不在句中充当语法成分，既不是主语也不是宾语，所以在口语中常常被省略。如： I am sure (that) she has passed the exam ?

②if, whether 它们在宾语从句中只起连接作用，不起语法作用，当作是否讲。从句中有 or not 结构时，要用 whether, 如： I ask him if (whether) he has had his lunch ? I asks him whether he has had his lunch or not ?

③what 它在宾语从句中除了作连接词外，还要作主 语或宾语成份，如： I don't understand what you said ? (what 作 said 的宾语) 。又如： I asked him what made him sick (what 在宾语从句中作主 语) 。

④who ，它也和what 一样，在句中除作连接词外，可以充当句中的成份，如：I know who she is looking for?

⑤whose 如： I want to know whose book this is?

⑥which 如： Do you know which book is mine?? 在连接词中还有4 个常用的连接副词，①how 它的应用最广，如： how much, how many, how long, how soon, how old …。如： How much does it cost? ②when 它只是连接时间状语，如： Please tell me when the meeting will begin? ③where 它连接地点状语，如： Where are you from? ④why 它要连接的是原因状语从句，如： The teacher asked why Tom didn't come to school.

在考试中常见到的考点是： ?宾语从句的时态与主句时态的呼应问题。

①主句谓语动词如果是现在时或将来时，宾语从句的时态可以是任何所需要的时态， 如： I know he didn't come. 我知道他没来。 I know he will come tomorrow ? 我知道他明天来。I know he has gone to London ? 我知道他已去伦敦了。

②主句中的谓语动词若是过去时，宾语从句也要用过去时态中的某一种。比如： 一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时。除了在表达宇宙中的客观真理时，不能用现在时态。如： I wanted to know when he would come ? The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun ??

时间状语从句

其连接词有：after ， before ， when ， as ， as soon as ， until (till) ， while ， since ， by ?其中较难掌握的有以下几点：

①until (till) 直到，在用 until 表达时间状语的句子中，主句中的动词是要十分小心去选择。如动词是持续性动词，它要用肯定句，如： I studied hard until 12 o'clock last night. 如果动词是瞬间截止性动词，则要用否定句，如： He didn't go to bed until his mother came back ?

②由?since ，for ， by ， before 来引导的时间状语从句。 since 引导的时间状语是动作的开始时间，如： I have studied English since 1990. 而由 by 引导的时间状语通常是动作的结束时间，如： I had learned 25 English songs by the end of last term ? 而before 则多用于完成时， ago 则多用于一般过去时，如： He had finished his work before twelve yesterday ? I left my hometown two years ago ?

③在状语从句中用一般现在时或一般过去时表示将来。它们可能是主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，如： If it rains, they won't go to the park on Sunday ? 也可以主句是一般过去时，从句用一般过去进行时，如： He said if it rained the next day he would not go to the park ?

考试中常见的考点有： 要学生区别是条件、时间状语从句还是宾语从句，因在宾语从句中该用什么时态用什么时态，如： I want to know if he will come here tomorrow ? 在宾语从句中的条件状语从句与主句的关系，如： I want to know if it rains he will come here tomorrow ?

?

原因状语

①because ， 应译为" 因为" 。它表达的因果关系最强，如： He didn't pass the exam because he didn't study hard ?

②since 应译为" 既然" ，如：Since you were ill yesterday ? I left some notes on your desk ?

③as 应译为" 由于" ，如： As it is too hot we'd better go swimming ? since 与 as 所表达的因果关系远比 because 弱得多。而 for 表达的因果关系最弱。它不能用于句首，如： He studies hard, for he wants to go to college ?

比较状语从句

同级比较 as … as ， 如： This book is as good as that one ? 要注意的有两点：

①as … as 中间要用原级而不是比较级。

②用形容词还是副词，如：Mary writes as carefully as Tom ? 而其否定句为 not as (so) … as ， 如： They didn't work so hard as we did, 而不同级比较用比较级加 than, 如： He is younger than I am ?

要注意的是表示" 越来越" 这一概念时有两个句型：

①比较级＋and ＋比较级，如： The days are getting longer and longer ? The little girl is becoming more and more beautiful ?

②定冠词 the ＋ 比较级＋ the ＋ 比较级，如： The harder you study, the more you can learn ??方式状语中要注意的是as ( 连词) 与 like ( 介词) 的区别。 as 作为连词其后接从句，如： Please do it as I did it ? 但后面的句子常作省略，如： Please do it as I ? 而like 是介词，其后要接的是宾语，如： Please do it like me ?

结果和目的状语从句

主要有 so … that ， so that ， in order that 等几种用法。

①so … that ?用在单数可数名词前，so ＋ 形容词 ＋ a ＋ 名词 ＋ that ，如：She is so beautiful a girl that everyone likes her ? 或用such ＋ a ＋ 形容词 ＋ 名词 ＋ that, 如： She is such a beautiful girl that everyone likes her ?

②在不可数名词或可数名词复数前只能用 such ， 如： It is such good weather we want to go for a picnic ? 又如： They are such good players that they should win the game.

③在much ， many ， few ， little 之前只能用so ， 如： I have so little money that I can't buy it ?

④so … that 之间只有形容词时，则不能用 such ， 如： It is so good that I want to buy ?

⑤so that 其后接从句，如： I got up earlier so that I could catch the first bus