萧山五中二十届运动会:who 和that 引导定语从句有什么区别吗?

来源:百度文库 编辑:杭州交通信息网 时间:2024/05/01 05:42:24

当关系代词指人时,关系代词既可用who,也可以用that。但在以下情况用who。
1.当先行词是persons, people, those时。例如:
Those who are for my plan , please put up your hands.同意我的计划的人请举手。
Persons who are quarrelsome are despised.好争者被轻视。
2.当先行词是he, one, all, any, they等时,例如:
He who has not reached the Great Wall isn't a true man. 不到长城非好汉。
All who had seen this film were moved.看过这部电影的人都受感动。
3.在非限定性定语从句中用who。例如:
I want him, who knows some English and French. 我要他,他懂得些英语和法语。
I will pardon you, who are honest. 我愿意宽恕你,你是诚实的。
4.在强调句型中多用who,在口语中who可以省略。例如:
I think it is you who should come here tomorrow.我认为你明天应该来这儿。
It is he who can do this work. 只有他能够干此工作。
在以下情况多用that。例如:
5.当关系代词在从句中作表语时用that。例如:
She is not the woman that she used to be.她已经不是过去的她了。
China is not the country that it used to be.中国已经不是过去的中国了。
6.避免重复。例如:
Who was it the man that you danced with last night? 昨天晚上和你一起跳舞的那个人是谁?
Who is it the girl that often comes to school early? 常常早到校的那个女孩是谁?
7.当先行词前面有指示代词same时,要用that。例如: That is the same woman that spoke at the meeting yesterday.这个与昨天在会议上讲话的是同一个人。
He is the same person that killed that woman.他就是杀害那位妇女的人。
8.当先行词既有人,又有物时。例如:
He was watching the children and parcels that filled the car.他望着塞满车的孩子和包裹。
Let’s talk about the persons and the things that we can remember.让我们谈论能够想起的人和事。
9.当先行词前面有形容词最高级、序数词或only等词修饰时。例如:
I knew her father for the simplest, hardest working man that ever drew the breath of life. 我早知她的父亲是一个世上最简朴最努力工作的人。

1、同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系,即说明它前面名词的内容;而定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰关系,即限定它前面的名词范围,或补充一些情况。如:
The news that l hove passed the exam is true.我通过了考试这一消息是真的。
(同位语从句,即从句所表达的意思就是前面名词的内容。)
The news that he told me just now is true.他刚才告诉我的消息是真的。
(定语从句,从句对前面名词起修饰限制作用,即“他告诉我的”那个消息,而不是别的消息。)

2、引导同位语从句的that是连词,在从句中不充当任何成份,而引导定语从句的that是关系代词,除起连接作用外,还在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等。如:
The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.
计算机能够识别人的声音的想法使许多人感到惊奇。
(that在从句中不充当任何成份。)
The idea that he gave surprises many people.
他提出的观点令许多人感到吃惊。
(that在从句中作gave的宾语。)

who 引导的一般是人做从句主语或宾语。

who引导的定语从句的先行词必须是人