贵州省老年人保护条例:HOPE与WISH的用法.谢谢

来源:百度文库 编辑:杭州交通信息网 时间:2024/04/29 09:53:03

hope to do sth.
hope (that)+从句
注意:不能说hope sb. to do sth.

wish sb. to do sth.
wish (that)+从句 (从句有时会用虚拟语气,但你们应该还没学吧?!那就 不需要再另外记了.)

中考HOPE与WISH的区别
请看试题:
I_______you a pleasant holiday.(希望你假日过得愉快。)
A. hope B. think C. wish D.suppose
答案为C,而许多同学误认为A也正确。Hope与wish都是“希望”之意,字面意思有相同之处,怎样理解才能正确使用它们呢?现在,先从句型及惯用法角度讲解如下:
二者的共同点是都可以带不定式作宾语:
I hope to study at Beijing University this year.
I wish to visit the scenic area next week.
二者的不同点主要表现在以下几点:
(1)hope不能带双宾语,而wish可以。文首的那道试题就是双宾语结构(you为间接宾语,a pleasant day为直接宾语),故只能选C答案。
(2)hope不能带复合宾语,而wish可以。比较“我们希望你好好学习”一句的翻译:
(误):We hope you to work hard at your studies.
(正):We wish you to work hard at your studies.
又如:“祝你成功”;
(误):We hope you successful.
(正):We wish you successful.
(3)hope引导宾语从句时用陈述语气,而wish的宾语从句要用虚拟语气:
I hope that our teacher can help us with our English study.
I wish that I would go to a key university this year.但愿我今年能考上一所重点大学。
I wish that I knew his phone number now.此时我真希望能知道他的电话号码。
I wish I had attended the evening party last night.要是昨晚我去参加那场晚会就好了。
(4)在对别人的话语应答时肯定句用I hope so.否定句用I hope not.不用wish to/wish not.
1、A: Will it be fine tomorrow?
B: I hope so.
2、A:Will it rain tomorrow?
B: I hope not.
(5)在信尾常用短语with best wishes而不是with best hopes来表达对对方的问候及祝愿。但在表达目的时又要用in the hope of doing…。
He came here in the hope of finding a useful book to him.(他来是想找一本对他有用的书)。
在含义上wish重在表示“未完成或不能完成的愿望”,汉语“但愿”就准确地表达了这层意思,因此常跟虚拟句。hope表示能实现的愿望,企盼未来动作,因此跟陈述句。它们的形容词wishful, hopeful的含义和使用颇能说明这种差别:
wishful thinking:一厢情愿(wishful:根据希望而非现实的)
be hopeful about the future:对前途乐观
feel hopeful of success:对成功抱有希望