高三物理期中考试:求一篇 关于网络社区 或者 信息检索 的 外文文献翻译

关于信息检索，可以参考下内容：）~

Information retrieval (IR) is the art and science of searching for information in documents, searching for documents themselves, searching for metadata which describe documents, or searching within databases, whether relational stand-alone databases or hypertext networked databases such as the Internet or intranets, for text, sound, images or data. There is a common confusion, however, between data retrieval, document retrieval, information retrieval, and text retrieval, and each of these have their own bodies of literature, theory, praxis and technologies.

Fundamentals of information retrieval from the Internet: why learn web searching technique; types of information requests; patterns for information retrieval; leveraging the technology. Search term choice - pinpointing information on the web: why choose queries carefully; making search terms work together; how to pick search terms; finding the unfindable. Bias on the Internet: importance of bias; sources of bias; user-generated bias: selecting information with which you already agree; assessing and compensating for bias; case studies. Query reformulation and longer term strategies: how to interact with your search engine; foraging for information; long term information retrieval: using the Internet to find trends; automating searches: how to make your machine do your work.

Assessing the quality of results: how to assess and ensure quality. The novice user and teaching internet skills: novice users and their problems with the web; case study - research in a college library; interpreting second hand web information.

High-performance software for information retrieval research. Emphasis on semi-structured text retrieval, especially for HTML and XML. The goal is to facilitate information retrieval research by providing an interchangable toolkit of functions.
IR is a broad interdisciplinary field, that draws on many other disciplines. Indeed, because it is so broad, it is normally poorly understood, being approached typically from only one perspective or another. It stands at the junction of many established fields, and draws upon cognitive psychology, information architecture, information design, human information behaviour, linguistics, semiotics, information science, computer science and librarianship.