杭州交通信息网环境微生物的生态关系:请高手帮我翻译参考文献！！！
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11.Norman, G.R. & Schmidt, H.G. (2000). Evidence of the effectiveness of problem based learning: Theory, practice and paper darts. Medical Education 34: 721–728.
12.Norman, G.R. & Shannon, S. (1998). Effectiveness of instruction in evidence based medicine: A critical appraisal. Canadian Medical Association Journal 158: 177–181.
13.Maudsley, G. (1999). Do we all mean the same thing by “problem-based learning”? A review of the concepts and a formulation of the ground rules. Academic Medicine 74(2): 178–185.
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16.Schmidt, H.G. & Moust, J.H.C. (1995). What makes a tutor effective? A structural equations modelling approach to learning in problem-based curricula. Academic Medicine 70: 708–714.
17.Taverner, D., Dodding, C.J. &White, J.M. (2000). Comparison of methods for teaching clinical skills in assessing and managing drug-seeking patients. Medical Education 34(4): 285–291.
18.Van den Hurk M.M.,Wolfhagen, H.A.P., Dolmans, D.H.J.M. & Van der Vleuten, C.P.M. (1998). The relation between time spent on individual study and academic achievement in a problem based curriculum. Advances in Health Sciences Education 3: 43–49.
19.Vernon, D.T.A. & Blake, R.L. (1993). Does problem-based learning work? A meta-analysis of evaluative research. Academic Medicine 68: 550–563.
12.Norman, G.R. & Shannon, S. (1998). Effectiveness of instruction in evidence based medicine: A critical appraisal. Canadian Medical Association Journal 158: 177–181.
13.Maudsley, G. (1999). Do we all mean the same thing by “problem-based learning”? A review of the concepts and a formulation of the ground rules. Academic Medicine 74(2): 178–185.
14.McLeish, J. (1976). The lecture method. In N.L. Gage (ed.), The Psychology of Teaching Methods. University of Chicago Press.
15.Russell, T.L. (2000). The No Significant Difference Phenomenon. North Carolina State University.
16.Schmidt, H.G. & Moust, J.H.C. (1995). What makes a tutor effective? A structural equations modelling approach to learning in problem-based curricula. Academic Medicine 70: 708–714.
17.Taverner, D., Dodding, C.J. &White, J.M. (2000). Comparison of methods for teaching clinical skills in assessing and managing drug-seeking patients. Medical Education 34(4): 285–291.
18.Van den Hurk M.M.,Wolfhagen, H.A.P., Dolmans, D.H.J.M. & Van der Vleuten, C.P.M. (1998). The relation between time spent on individual study and academic achievement in a problem based curriculum. Advances in Health Sciences Education 3: 43–49.
19.Vernon, D.T.A. & Blake, R.L. (1993). Does problem-based learning work? A meta-analysis of evaluative research. Academic Medicine 68: 550–563.
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