高二生物学情分析:翻译求助,能翻多少是多少

来源:百度文库 编辑:杭州交通信息网 时间:2024/05/09 16:45:49
Turbine reliability, particularly in circumstances involving combustion of contaminated fuels, is a major area of concern for the electric utilities. This project was proposed in response to that concern and resultant need as a means of improving turbine bucket life and reliability in a hot corrosion environment. The specific objectives of the project are two-fold:
To deliver for subsequent field test validation thirty-two utility size gas turbine buckets with the airfoils protected with superior corrosion-resistant overlay systems.
To provide an understanding of the effects of these corrosion-resistant overlay systems on the mechanical properties of the bucket alloy and to insure that these properties have not been degraded below acceptable levels by the presence of the overlays.
The project initially focused entirely upon the use of diffusion-bonded sheet cladding alloys as the protective overlay system. This workscope was modified in October 1981 to include the use and evaluation of vacuum plasma spray (VPS) coatings, as well as claddings, in recognition of the rapid and successful development of the VPS process as a means of applying overlay coatings.
The results of this project, as detailed in this report, indicate that both sheet cladding and VPS coating overlay systems can be successfully applied to utility-size first-stage buckets. However, the processing problems encountered with the sheet cladding approach for large airfoil surfaces suggest that scale-up to a manufacturing production process would be difficult and require additional process development before commercialization. More specifically, these problems involved both the fabrication of thin sheet of some of the program alloys and the attempts to modify the hot isostatic pressing (HIP) diffusion bonding cycle to simplify the overall cladding process. Fabrication of the corrosion-resistant CoCrAlY type alloys (S-57 and PFB-6) into the required 10 mil thick sheet proved to be very difficult at best, as a result of the relatively low ductility of these alloys and their resultant tendency to crack. Forming these alloys during the first steps of the cladding was also hampered by their lack of ductility. Efforts to simplify the cladding process by substituting a glassless braze-HIP cycle for the glass-HIP diffusion bonding cycle were not successful due to the inability to insure 100% leak-tight brazed seams. The braze alloy evaluated was also found to degrade fatigue properties under certain conditions of test. While buckets were successfully clad using the standard glass-HIP technique, that process does involve the additional task of post-HIP glass removal and the possibility of glass interaction with the bucket substrate alloy. The extent of the problems outlined above detract from the potential commercial applicability of the current developed cladding process for large size heavy duty gas turbine buckets as compared to commercial developments of the VPS process.

涡轮可靠性, 特别在情况介入污染的燃料的燃烧, 是一个主要挂念范围为电业。这个项目提议以回应那关心和总值需要作为改进涡轮桶生活和可靠性手段在一个热的腐蚀环境里。项目的具体宗旨两重: 交付为随后野外试验检验三十二公共大小汽轮机桶与副翼被保护以优越抗腐蚀覆盖物系统。提供对这些抗腐蚀覆盖物系统的作用的理解在桶合金的机械性能和保险, 这些物产未被贬低在可接受的水平之下由覆盖物的出现。项目整个地最初地被聚焦在对扩散保税的板料金属合金的用途作为防护覆盖物系统。这workscope 以及金属被修改在1981 年10月包括真空血浆浪花(VPS) 涂层的用途和评估, 按照VPS 过程的迅速和成功的发展作为应用覆盖物涂层手段。这个项目的结果, 依照被选派在这个报告, 表明, 板料金属和VPS 涂层覆盖物系统可能向公共事业大小初级桶成功地被应用。但是, 处理问题遇到以板料金属方法为大副翼表面建议, 称对制造生产过程会是困难的和会要求另外的处理发展在商品化之前。更加具体地, 这些问题介入了生产一些的稀薄的板料节目合金和尝试修改热的地壳均衡的紧迫的(HIP) 扩散接合周期简化整体金属过程。抗腐蚀CoCrAlY 类型的制造熔合(S-57 和PFB-6) 入必需的10 米尔厚实的板料被证明是非常困难的在最好, 作为这些合金和他们的总值倾向的相对地低延展性的结果崩裂。形成这些合金在金属的第一步期间由他们的缺乏延展性并且阻碍了。努力简化金属过程由替代一个 glassless 镀黄铜臀部周期用玻璃臀部扩散接合周期没有成功归结于无能保险100% leak-tight 被镀黄铜的缝。镀黄铜合金被评估并且被发现贬低疲劳物产在测试的某些情况下。当桶成功地是穿的使用标准玻璃臀部技术, 那个过程介入岗位臀部玻璃撤除另外的任务和玻璃互作用的可能性与桶基体合金。问题的程度被概述以上减去从当前的被开发的金属过程的潜在的商业适用性为大大小耐用汽轮机桶与VPS 过程的商业发展比较。