水光针白色面膜真假:请部谁帮我翻译一下

There are many ways to provide reliability for transmission
protocols. A common method is to use ARQ, automatic request for
retransmission. With ARQ, receivers use a back channel to the sender
to send requests for retransmission of lost packets. ARQ works well
for one-to-one reliable protocols, as evidenced by the pervasive
success of TCP/IP. ARQ has also been an effective reliability tool
for one-to-many reliability protocols, and in particular for some
reliable IP multicast protocols. However, for one-to-very-many
reliability protocols, ARQ has limitations, including the feedback
implosion problem because many receivers are transmitting back to the
sender, and the need for a back channel to send these requests from
the receiver. Another limitation is that receivers may experience
different loss patterns of packets, and thus receivers may be delayed
by retransmission of packets that other receivers have lost that but
they have already received. This may also cause wasteful use of
bandwidth used to retransmit packets that have already been received
by many of the receivers.