程力拖车:求现在分词作定语的用法~

注意：现在分词作定语时表示动作正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生。如果两个动作有先有后，一般不能用现在分词作定语，而要用定语从句。如：

The teacher criticized the student who had broken the window.

①现在分词作定语

A．现在分词作定前置时静感强，而后置的现在分词动感强。如：

The working people are the wisest.

The farmers working here are very busy.

能前置的现在分词为数不太多，常见的大都是已被形容词化了的现在分词，前常有程度副词，有些现在分词甚至还有比较等级。如：

I have brought very exciting news to you.

This is the most exciting story that I have ever read.

B．有些现在分词作定语时表示正在发生的动作，这些现在分词若改为定语从句宜用进行时态。如：

Did you tell the children playing there not to make any noise ?

Did you tell the children who were playing there not to make any noise ?

The American president visiting China now will return on Saturday.

The American president who is visiting China now will return on Saturday.

有些现在分词作定语时表示经常性动作或现在（或当时）的状态。此类现在人词若改为定语从句宜用一般时态，而不宜用进行时态。如：They stayed at a hotel standing (which stood) by the lake.

The temple standing (that stood) on top of the hill was built in the Ming Dynasty.

分词可分为现在分词和过去分词两种，现在分词的形式同动名词一样，在动词后面加 ing 。 而过去分词的形式则在动词后面加 ed. 分词在句中可作定语，状语或表语。

分词作定语

China is a developing country.

中国是一个发展中国家。

That's an interesting story.

这是一个有趣的故事。

The girl singing for us is ten years old.

给我们唱歌的女孩十岁了。

作定语的分词要放在被修饰的名词之前，如果是分词词组则放在被修饰的名词之后， 如被修饰的名词是 something, anything, everything, nothing 等，分词放在被修饰名词的后面。

The working people have played a great role in the activity.

工人在这次活动中起主要作用。

The boy hurt by the car was sent to the hospital immediately.

被汽车撞伤的小孩马上被送到了医院。

There is nothing interesting.

没什么有趣的事。

分词和动名词都可以作定语，判断是分词还是动名词，可以根据它们和被修饰词有无逻辑上的主谓关系来判断， 有主谓关系的是分词， 否则判断为动名词。

a swimming girl 游泳的女孩。（分词）

a swimming pool 游泳的池子 （动名词）