杭州交通信息网变形金刚5图片大全:翻译 (1) Lever terrain
来源：百度文库 编辑：杭州交通信息网 时间：2024/04/27 23:02:04
(1) Lever terrain
Any combination of grades and horizontal and vertical alignment that allows heavy vehicles to maintain approximately the same speed as passenger cars ; this terrain generally includes short grades of no more than 1 to 2 percent .
(2) Rolling terrain
Any combination of grades and horizontal and vertical alignment that causes drivers of heavy vehicles to reduce speeds to substantially bellow those of passenger cars , but does not require operation at crawl speeds for any significant length of time .
(3) Mountainous terrain
Any combination of grades and horizontal aligrment that causes drivers of heavy vehicles to operate at crawl speeds for significant distances or at frequent intervals .
Crawl speed is the maximum sustained speed that heavy vehicles can maintain on an extended upgrade of a given percent .
These definitions are general and spend on the particular mix of heavy vehicles in the traffic stream . In general , as terrain becomes more severe , capacity and service flow rates are reduced . This impact is significant for two – lane rural highways , where the severity of terrain not only affects the operating capabilities of individual vehicles in the traffic stream , but also restricts the opportunities to pass slow – moving vehicles in the traffic stream .
In addition to the general impacts of terrain, isolated upgrades of significant length may have a substantial effect on operations .heavy vehicles slow significantly on such upgrades , creating operational difficulties in the traffic stream and in efficient use of the roadway.
Grades also may have a major impact on operation of intersection approaches ; vehicles must overcome both the grade and the inertia of starting from a stopped position at the same time .
Any combination of grades and horizontal and vertical alignment that allows heavy vehicles to maintain approximately the same speed as passenger cars ; this terrain generally includes short grades of no more than 1 to 2 percent .
(2) Rolling terrain
Any combination of grades and horizontal and vertical alignment that causes drivers of heavy vehicles to reduce speeds to substantially bellow those of passenger cars , but does not require operation at crawl speeds for any significant length of time .
(3) Mountainous terrain
Any combination of grades and horizontal aligrment that causes drivers of heavy vehicles to operate at crawl speeds for significant distances or at frequent intervals .
Crawl speed is the maximum sustained speed that heavy vehicles can maintain on an extended upgrade of a given percent .
These definitions are general and spend on the particular mix of heavy vehicles in the traffic stream . In general , as terrain becomes more severe , capacity and service flow rates are reduced . This impact is significant for two – lane rural highways , where the severity of terrain not only affects the operating capabilities of individual vehicles in the traffic stream , but also restricts the opportunities to pass slow – moving vehicles in the traffic stream .
In addition to the general impacts of terrain, isolated upgrades of significant length may have a substantial effect on operations .heavy vehicles slow significantly on such upgrades , creating operational difficulties in the traffic stream and in efficient use of the roadway.
Grades also may have a major impact on operation of intersection approaches ; vehicles must overcome both the grade and the inertia of starting from a stopped position at the same time .
1)地形杠杆 任何等级、横向和纵向相结合的路线,使重型车保持同样的速度大约为轿车; 这包括一般地形短年级不超过1至2%. (2)地形滚动 任何等级的组合,横向和纵向协调,造成驾驶重型车辆的速度大大降低理那些轿车,而且不需要在爬行速度运行任何重大时间. (3)山地 任何组合档次和水平aligrment造成重型车司机在操作速度大大距离自由泳和重播. 最高爬行速度持续速度,重型车将保持在一定的提升%. 这些都是一般定义的特殊结构,用于重型车辆的车流. 一般,地形变得更加严重,服务能力和流通率降低. 这种影响是很大的双车道乡村公路,地形严重,不仅影响个人的业务能力车辆车流,也限制了机会通过慢速车在车流中. 除了一般地形影响,个别重大升级时间可能有重大影响的行动. 大大提高缓慢等重型车辆,造成运作上的困难,在车流有效利用道路. 档次也有可能产生重大影响的交叉作业方式; 既要克服车辆的档次和惯性从一个位置同时停止.