三甲医院能查艾滋病:关于“清明节”的英文介绍？？

Tomb Sweeping Day清明时节
Tomorrow is the Tomb Sweeping Day,here is an article about this traditional Chinese holiday:

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Celebrated two weeks after the vernal equinox, Tomb Sweeping Day is one of the few traditional Chinese holidays that follows the solar calendar-- typically falling on April 4, 5, or 6. Its Chinese name "Qing Ming" literally means "Clear Brightness," hinting at its importance as a celebration of Spring. Similar to the spring festivals of other cultures, Tomb Sweeping Day celebrates the rebirth of nature, while marking the beginning of the planting season and other outdoor activities.

Qing Ming Jie in Ancient Times
In ancient times, people celebrated Qing Ming Jie with dancing, singing, picnics, and kite flying. Colored boiled eggs would be broken to symbolize the opening of life. In the capital, the Emperor would plant trees on the palace grounds to celebrate the renewing nature of spring. In the villages, young men and women would court each other.

The Tomb Sweeping Day as Celebrated Today
With the passing of time, this celebration of life became a day to the honor past ancestors. Following folk religion, the Chinese believed that the spirits of deceased ancestors looked after the family. Sacrifices of food and spirit money could keep them happy, and the family would prosper through good harvests and more children.

Today, Chinese visit their family graves to tend to any underbrush that has grown. Weeds are pulled, and dirt swept away, and the family will set out offerings of food and spirit money. Unlike the sacrifices at a family's home altar, the offerings at the tomb usually consist of dry, bland food. One theory is that since any number of ghosts rome around a grave area, the less appealing food will be consumed by the ancestors, and not be plundered by strangers.

Honoring Ancestors
Honoring ancestors begins with proper positioning of a gravesite and coffin. Experts in feng shui, or geomancy, determine the quality of land by the surrounding aspects of streams, rivers, trees, hills, and so forth. An area that faces south, with groves of pine trees creates the best flow of cosmic energy required to keep ancestors happy. Unfortunately, nowadays, with China's burgeoning population, public cemetaries have quickly surplanted private gravesites. Family elders will visit the gravesite at least once a year to tend to the tombs.

While bland food is placed by the tombs on Qing Ming Jie, the Chinese regularly provide scrumptious offerings to their ancestors at altar tables in their homes. The food usually consists of chicken, eggs, or other dishes a deceased ancestor was fond of. Accompanied by rice, the dishes and eating utensils are carefully arranged so as to bring good luck. Sometimes, a family will put burning incense with the offering so as to expedite the transfer of nutritious elements to the ancestors. In some parts of China, the food is then eaten by the entire family.

Kites
Besides the traditions of honoring the dead, people also often fly kits on Tomb Sweeping Day. Kites can come in all kinds of shapes, sizes, and colors. Designs could include frogs, dragonflies, butterflies, crabs, bats, and storks.
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清明节是我国民间重要的传统节日,是重要的“八节”(上元、清明、立夏、端午、中元、中秋、冬至和除夕)之一。一般是在公历的四月五号,但其节期很长,有十日前八日后及十日前十日后两种说法,这近二十天内均属清明节。

清明节的起源,据传始于古代帝王将相“墓祭”之礼,后来民间亦相仿效,于此日祭祖扫墓,历代沿袭而成为中华民族一种固定的风俗。

要谈清明节，须从古代一个非常有名的，现在已失传的节日——寒食节说起。

寒食节，又称熟食节、禁烟节，冷节。它的日期，是距冬至一百零五日，也就是距清明不过一天或两天。这个节日的主要节俗就是禁火，不许生火煮食，只能吃备好的熟食、冷食，故而得名。

寒食节相传是源于春秋时代的晋国，是为了纪念晋国公子的臣子介子推。晋国公子重耳，流亡外国19年，介子推护驾跟随，立下大功，重耳返国即位，即晋文公。介子推便背着老母，躲入绵山。晋文公前往寻找，却怎么也找不到。于是他放火烧山，想把介于推逼出来。不料介子推却和母亲抱着一株大树，宁愿烧死，也不出山。晋文公伤心地下令把绵山改称介山（即山西介休县境内的介山），又下令把介子推被烧死的那一天定为寒食节，以后年年岁岁，每逢寒食节都要禁止生火，吃冷饭，以示追怀之意。

其实，寒食节的真正起源，是源于古代的钻木、求新火之制。古人因季节不同，用不同的树木钻火，有改季改火之俗。而每次改火之后，就要换取新火。新火未至，就禁止人们生火。这是当时的一件大事。《周礼·秋官·司煊氏》：“中春以木铎修火禁于国中。”可见当时是摇着木锋，在街上走，下令禁火。这司煊氏，也就是专管取火的小官。在禁火之时，人们就准备一些冷食，以供食用，这样慢慢就成了固定的风俗了。以后，才与介子推的传说相联系，成了寒食节，日期长达一个月。这毕竟不利于健康，以后便缩短日期，从七天、三天逐渐改为一天，唐之后便融合在清明节中了。

寒食节习俗，有上坟、效游、斗鸡子、荡秋千、打毯、牵钩（拔河）等。其中上坟之俗，是很古老的。有坟必有墓祭，后来因与三月上已招魂续魄之俗相融合，便逐渐定在寒食上祭了。《唐书》记云：“开元二十年敕，寒食上墓，《礼经》无文。近代相传，浸以成俗，宜许上墓同拜扫礼。”宋庄季裕《鸡肋篇》卷上：“寒食上冢，亦不设香火。纸钱挂于茔树。其去乡里者，皆登山望祭。裂帛于空中，谓之掰钱。而京师四方因缘拜扫，遂设酒撰（zhuan，饭食），携家春游。”

《荆楚岁时记》：“（寒食）斗鸡，镂鸡子（鸡蛋），斗鸡子。”可见南朝时就有斗鸡与斗鸡蛋之戏了。斗鸡今多见，斗鸡蛋多是乡间小儿互相撞碰鸡蛋作为游戏。在古代，用作碰撞争斗的鸡蛋多是染色、雕镂（1ou，雕刻）过的，十分精美。画蛋。镂蛋之俗，源于《管子》中所记的“雕卵”。无疑它是由古代食卵求生育的巫术发展而来，成了寒食的节俗。今天民间亦有清明吃蛋之俗（如前述的“子福”）。 寒食打秋干，据《艺文类聚》中记，北方山戎于寒食日打秋千。但这恐怕只是传说而已。刘向《别录》记打秋千是在春时，不一定在寒食。又打毯，王建《宫词》：“寒食宫人步打毯。”牵钩与打毯等戏，也不一定在寒食举行。

由于清明节气在寒食第三日，后世随着时间的迁移，逐渐把寒食的习俗移到清明之中。宋代之后，寒食扫墓之俗移到清明之中。踏青春游、荡秋千等俗也只在清明时举行。清明节便由一个单纯的农业节气上升为重要的大节日了，寒食节的影响也就消失了。但寒食的食俗有若干变形的方式却传承下来了，并保存于清明节中。

Tomb Sweeping Day is our country traditional festival, is also offer sacrifices to festival most importantly, is the day which worships ancestors and visits grave.Visit grave to be so called to visit grave, offer sacrifices to a kind of activity of the dead.The Chinese mostly all visit grave in Tomb Sweeping Day with some national minorities.Tomb Sweeping Day, again call have an outing stanza, press Gregorian calendar to say, it is of April 4-6 in every year, is exactly a bright spring days plant to vomit a green seasonal changes, is exactly also the good time that people's spring swims(ancient times call have an outing), so the ancients is pure and clear to have an outing, and open the custom of the exhibition a series of athletics activity.Down to date, the Tomb Sweeping Day fiesta does obeisance ancestry, grieve over have already died of close relatives of custom still very widely accepted.

清明节是我国传统节日，也是最重要的祭祀节日，是祭祖和扫墓的日子。扫墓俗称上坟，祭祀死者的一种活动。汉族和一些少数民族大多都是在清明节扫墓。清明节，又叫踏青节，按阳历来说，它是在每年的4月4日至6日之间，正是春光明媚草木吐绿的时节，也正是人们春游（古代叫踏青）的好时候，所以古人有清明踏青，并开展一系列体育活动的习俗。直到今天，清明节祭拜祖先，悼念已逝的亲人的习俗仍很盛行。