第三届超女前十名:反意疑问句的用法

反意疑问句
1）陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用 aren't I.
I'm as tall as your sister，aren't I?
2) 陈述部分的谓语是wish，疑问部分要用may +主语。
I wish to have a word with you, may I?
3) 陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。
The Swede made no answer, did he / she?
Some plants never blown (开花), do they ?
4) 含有ought to 的反意疑问句，陈述部分是肯定的，疑问部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主语。
He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he?
5) 陈述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.)，疑问部分常用don't +主语（didn't +主语）。
We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?
6) 陈述部分的谓语是used to 时，疑问部分用didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语。
He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he?
7) 陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you?
You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?
8) 陈述部分有would rather +v.，疑问部分多用 wouldn't +主语。
He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?
9) 陈述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。
You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?
10) 陈述部分有must 的疑问句，疑问部分根据实际情况而定。
He must be a doctor, isn't he?
You must have studied English for three years, haven't you? / didn't you?
He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he?
11) 感叹句中，疑问部分用be +主语。
What colours, aren't they?
What a smell, isn't it?
12) 陈述部分由neither… nor, either… or 连接的并列主语时，疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。
Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?
13) 陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用it。
Everything is ready, isn't it?
14) 陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句，疑问部分有三种情况：
a. 并列复合句疑问部分，谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。
Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he?
b. 带有定语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定：
He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?
He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he?
c. 上述部分主句谓语是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导的定语从句，疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。
I don't think he is bright, is he?
We believe she can do it better, can't she?

15) 陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑问部分常用复数they，有时也用单数he。
Everyone knows the answer, don't they? (does he?)
Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)

16) 带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句，疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语。
We need not do it again, need we ?
He dare not say so, dare you?
当dare, need 为实义动词时，疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。
She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she?

17) 省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will you。
Don't do that again, will you?
Go with me, will you / won't you ?
注意： Let's 开头的祈使句，后用shall we?
Let us 开头的祈使句，后用will you?
Let's go and listen to the music, shall we?
Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ?

18) 陈述部分是"there be"结构的，疑问部分用there省略主语代词。
There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?
There will not be any trouble, will there?

19) 否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。
It is impossible, isn't it?
He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?

20)must在表"推测"时，根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句。
He must be there now, isn't he?
It must be going to rain tomorrow, won't it?

快速记忆表
陈述部分的谓语 疑问部分
I aren't I
Wish may +主语
no,nothing,nobody,never,few, seldom, hardly,rarely, little等否定含义的词 肯定含义

ought to（肯定的） shouldn't/ oughtn't +主语
have to+v.(had to+v.) don't +主语(didn't +主语)
used to didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语
had better + v. hadn't you
would rather + v. wouldn't +主语
you'd like to + v. wouldn't +主语
must 根据实际情况而定
感叹句中 be +主语
Neither…nor, either…or 根据其实际逻辑意义而定
指示代词或不定代词everything,that,nothing,this 主语用it
并列复合句 谓语根据邻近从句的谓语而定
定语从句,宾语从句的主从复合句 谓语根据邻近从句的谓语而定
主从复合句 根据主句的谓语而定
think,believe,expect,suppose,imagine等引导 与宾语从句相对应的从句
everybody,anyone,somebody,nobody,no one 复数they, 单数he
情态动词dare或need need (dare ) +主语
dare, need 为实义动词 do +主语
省去主语的祈使句 will you？
Let's 开头的祈使句 Shall we?
Let us 开头的祈使句 Will you?
there be 相应的谓语动词+there(省略主语代词）
否定前缀不能视为否定词 仍用否定形式

一、结构认识：

在复习过程中，我首先用幻灯片出示英语四种疑问句句型：[1]Do youoften

swim?[2]What are they doi ng now?[3]Are you a student or ateacher?[4]Our

classroom is bright, isn't it?让学生口头辨别它们各 是什么疑问句？各种

疑问句有何特征？通过实例比较与辨别，学生就能从结构上很快掌握反意疑问句

的特征， 这不仅复习了反意疑问句，且顺带温习了其它三种疑问句形式，增强

了学生对该结构的实际运用能力，可谓温 故知新，为后面着重复习反意疑问句

的用法作了铺垫。

二、用法归纳：

首先，我还是从"练"入手，用幻灯片出示教材中出现的反意疑问句，让学

生用口头表达的形式，进行附 加疑问句部分的填空。接着教师针对口头表达中

出现的问题，进行了有的放矢的讲解，以简洁、明快的表述方 法，用表格形式，

归纳反意疑问句的用法及掌握好反意疑问句的关键。

[1]构成：

┌ 前肯，＋后否

陈述句 │ ？

└ 前否，＋后肯

┌ will you

祈使句，＋│ ？

└ shall we

[2]用法：

a.时态、人称、数、前后一致

b.肯定、否定形式前后相反

"一致"和"相反"用红粉笔标记。

三、特例运用：

A.注意人称代词的例外

[1]如果陈述句部分的主语是不定代词nothing,something,everthing时，

后反意部分主语用it，如：

Nothing is too easy in the world,is it?

[2]如果陈述句部分主语是不定代词everyone,nobody,somebody,someone

时，后反意部分主语用they（当强 调全体时）或he （当强调个体时）。如：

No one knows him,do they?

Someone is waiting for you,isn't he ?

[3]如果陈述部分主语是指示代词this，that，后用it；如果是指示代词

these，those，则后用they。如：

This is a nice cap,isn't it?

These are boxes,aren't they?

[4]如果陈述部分是there be句型，后反意部分仍用there be句型。如：

There is nothing wrong with the clock,is there?

[5]如果主语是l’m，后反意部分用aren’tl或am'tl（或ain’t l，均

为美国用法）如：l’m right,ar en’t l?

[6]在祈使句的反意疑问句中，Let’s开头，后用shall we,其它情况用will

you。

B.注意肯定否定形式的例外

如陈述句部分含有no,

nobody,nothing,seldom,few,little,never,hardly,neither等否定词，及

too…to 句型时，后反意部分用肯定式。如果陈述句部分含有un-，in-，dis-

等表否定的词缀，后反意部分则用否定式 。如：

He has never been to Beijing,has he?

lt is unfair,isn't it?

C.注意助动词的例外

如果动词think，believe，suppose带有宾语从句时，反意部分助动词肯定、

否定形式要依从句而定。如：

l don't think he is right,is he?

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