绝代艳后美版:need help

1.在大多数情况下which和that从句可互相替用,意思一样.
2.什么是vexd?你是不是指vexed?这个词用得有点怪.不如说:I was annoyed by his rudeness.
3.句子有语误.应该是:Anybody volunteering/volunteers will be CITED for merit. 用volunteering是用进行时表示一种状态.也可用volunteers,表动作.

1
which who(whose) that 是跟在先行词(即需要被修饰或补充说明的名词)后引导一个具

有补充说明或修饰性质的句子
which的先行词是物
I have an apple which is red.(=I have a red apple.)
用这个例子的意思是为了说明由which引导的后置定语从句最基本的用法。
I have a book. The name of the book is Spring.
换成有后置定语从句的复合句就是
I have a book, the name of which is Spring.
注意到两个句子的相同和不同了吗？（英语中的对比学习法）
同样，给你一个句子 I like a film which is directed by Xu Ke.
还原为简单句 I like a film. The film is directed by Xu Ke.
(简单句是基础，任何复合句都可以还原为简单句)

who的先行词是人
I met a friend who had been back from HK.
(=I met a friend. My friend had been back from HK.)
I met a friend whose father had been in HK.
(=I met a friend. The friend's father had been in HK.)

that的先行词可以是人也可以是物，也就是说大多数情况下which和who都可以与that互

换，只除极少数情况不能用that替换which和who(一般很少见，要靠平时积累)。有些情

况下只能用that，其中最常见的是用形容词最高级修饰的先行词只能用that从句引导
It is the most beautiful doll of mine that was a present from my father at my

birthday.
(=It is the most beautiful doll of mine. The doll was a present from my

father at my birthday.)
在人和物并列做先行词的时候也只能用that来引导
I like apples and sugar apples that grow in different climates.
(=I like apples and sugar apples. Apples and sugar apples grow in different

climates. )
（还有一些不常见的在语法书中有介绍，以上是我自己的经验小结，写得比较简略，省

略了一些与其相关的内容，希望这样比较容易看懂）

2
朗文当代高级英语词典中只有一个关于vexd的词条：vexd question (sth that has

caused much fierce argument and is difficult to decide; a troublesome matter

or question引起争论不休的事，棘手的事，伤脑筋的问题) 所以在你的句子中很有可能

vexd用错了（一点建议：学习最常见的词，使用词最熟悉的词--实在不明白就不要勉强

去用，除非有出处^^）

3
Anybody volunteering will be cite for merit.(在语法书中参考“独立主格结构”)
还原后是Anybody who volunteers will be cite for merit.
相似的用法 The film which told the story of a blind girl touched me so much.
(=The film telling the story of a blind girl touched me so much.)
从句中的told(v.)变成了telling(n.),并把which省去
I have a book which is named Spring.
(=I have a book named spring.)
从句中的which和is都省去，只余下有形容词词性的短语作后置定语
[^^这种结构按我自己的理解就是名词化了的（对由动词构成谓语的从句而言）或形容词

化了的（对由be参与的主系表结构的从句）的后置定语从句的变形。仅供参考]

4
简单一点说，让步状语从句就是汉语中"尽管……但是……","虽然……但是……"等前半

句一样的表一定原因或条件的从句。
Despite his broken leg, Alan can walk well enough to get around.
还原一下：Although he had his leg broken, Alan can walk well enough to get

around.

5
直接宾语是动词的作用对象，间接宾语是在动词动作的过程中有参与的物
provide sb with sth
sb就是直接宾语，sth就是间接宾语
宾补，顾名思义就是宾语补助语，其补充说明宾语的作用（多为形容词或形容词性短语

）
make me dull
me就是直接宾语 dull宾补(像定语一样，只不过它修饰的是宾语罢了)
TT回答你的问题真的很累哦，下次拜托分开问呵，这样说得会详细耐心一些~O~

笨蛋

so so
ho ho ho

5shi guo

呵呵,不清楚.